Informal settlement is formed upon effect of economic-political unequal relationship in world level, national programs weakness in medium level and municipal planning in small level. This phenomena have provided emergence, creation and development of contrast and opposition in cities soul and frame and have questioned justly allocation of resources and services for social justice with creation of biological awkward conditions and imposing of uncoordinated areas with development descending indices, simultaneously. It has challenged civil life for reaching desired and permanent development. With due attention to civil designing and planning is subordinate to comprehensive recognition and knowledge of containing chief applied and scientific from civil system. Studying city subsystems and above-system with relativities approach in time and place dimension, for that reason, informal settlement types and area recognition is necessary according to instruments type's chief economical social cultural infrastructural indices and fruition. In this research, this important have been done by hierarchical and Morris techniques. Therefore the rate of development zones and city were determined with an emphasis on economic indicators, physical, infrastructural, social. Research findings show that full and obvious rupture exists between different districts and areas of Bonab city in chief economic and social indices and fruition and it has witness resource and service unjustly distribution in districts level. Zoning of informal settlements was done according to the rate of zone's underdevelopment in the Bonab, By Rely on the results of Morris and hierarchical model development. Finally, based on zoning and knowledge gained from research studies, proposals and prioritize community based urban planning was presented in informal and problematic neighborhoods.

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are causes of death in many industrialized countries. This disease is among the most common, serious and deadly diseases in Iran.Objective: This study was performed to determine some of the behavioral risk factors associated with cardiovascular diseases in Bonab city staffs.Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study. Research population consisted of all city employees. Cluster sampling method was used and the inclusion criteria were performed. Data of total of 241eligible employees selected were collected by questionnaire which validity and reliability of it was confirmed through content validity and Alpha Cronbach. The data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics (Chi-square, t with independent samples) in SPSS software.Results: The results showed that 65.2% of samples weren’t compliant with specific nutritional principles and the type of oil of consumption was saturated in 70% of samples, 47.1% and 11% of the samples respectively were overweight and obese, 19.5% smokers, 6.2% regularly use bubble and 49.5% had contact with environmental tobacco smoke. 43.8% were not screened for diabetes and hyperlipidemia, and 54.8% of them didn’t exercise. Chi-square test showed significant difference between the sexes in the variables of smoking (P=0.006), athletic activities (P=0.001) and adherence to principles of specific nutrition (P=0.006).Conclusion: In attention to study findings on possible decreasing risk factors and low sensitivity of samples regarding healthy life styles and screening for diabetes and hyperlipidemia, programmed education is necessary to lower risk factors, Change knowledge and attitude of people on self health and ultimately correcting life styles.

Urbanization is one of the basic challenges that the world society is facing in the 21st century. Nowadays, the irregular growth pattern of cities and irregular urban development have destructive effects on cities and their surrounding environment. In the meantime, the city of Bonab is not an exception to this rule. In this descriptive-analytical research with applied purpose, using the fuzzy method and remote sensing, the physical expansion and growth of Bonab city has been evaluated. In order to analyze the effective factors in the pattern of development and physical growth of the studied area, first, 10 related and main criteria including: slope, direction of slope, height, type of vegetation, distance from faults, distance from waterways, distance from communication network, distance from rivers, distance from rural settlements and distance from susceptible lands were referenced using the geographic information system were placed in the numerical range of zero to one. Then, the specified layers were fuzzy and membered by different functions, and lastly, the final map was prepared using fuzzy criteria and fuzzy gamma. In relation to the modified fuzzy gamma model, values ​​of 0.7, 0.8 and 0.9 have been used to identify potential areas for the physical expansion of Bonab city. The analysis and evaluation of the accuracy of the model was done based on gamma layers and a number of raster layers, as a result the gamma 0.9 was introduced as the final layer of land suitability for the future expansion. Based on the final map obtained, it can be said that the favorable areas for the future expansion of Bonab city are mostly located in the north and northwest areas.

Social capital is a continuity key of citizenship life. Lack of social capital is a vital hindrance of formation of a potent, efficient and accountable urban management. Thus, main purpose of this paper is to evaluate and prioritize currently available social capital in 11districts of Bonab city. Type of research is applied and it is based on descriptive analytic approach.Total inhabitants of the 11 districts of the city were 84656 subjects and all of them went under study. A questionnaire was used for data collection, also, we randomly selected 500 subjects by using Cochran’s formula, AHP, and TOPSIS& GIS models were implemented for data analysis. Obtained results of different implementation stages of the Topsis model illustrate a clear difference in rating process of social capital in 11 districts of Bonab city.The districts named Zargaran, Dash Korpi, Koocheh Qom, Mehrabad and Khanom Baghi are inhibited by higher socioeconomic inhabitants and they have more desirable structures rather than other districts. The districts named Gezosht, Tangeh Koocheh Gharbi, and Tangeh Koocheh Sharghi have the least and lowest ratios of social capital respectively, namely, 0.3685, 0.3689, and 0.3877. Also, their indices of security and dependability are low, so, they need security plans, extensive supervision, publicity and cultural development to enhance dependability and public participation.

Considering the importance of urban sustainable development and increasingly importance of it in contemporary urban issues, bicycle as a means of essential sustainable transportation is considered in related literature. Bonab is the suitable case for cycling because of natural conditions including favorable climate, suited in plain and human characteristics such as: high population density and tissue compact city, short urban trips, the spatial distribution of villages around it and finally, there infrastructure cycling .This paper attempts to show the importance of cycling in Bonab transportation and surveying the factors of tending citizen to it. The methodology of this research is descriptive-analytic and based on field work 105 questionnaires distributed among samples.As a result of studies, more than 71 percent of samples use bicycle as a transport means. According to the questionnaire obtained significant relationship between different segments of society and use of bicycles. 37.5 percent of total bicycle users are students. In other words, the students are most important bicycle users. Cycling needs many power and energy, so than the elderly and even adults can not use bicycle. In fact, one can say that with risen age, the rate of bicycle is reduced. So between age and the rate of bicycle use is inversely. The second factor used more students bicycle is path near the school house. In other the word, Bonab is the most compact city in East Azerbaijan Pronvice, and distance between schools and houses is less than 4 km. The biggest factor that prevents students from using a bike is lack of security for cyclists with the dominance of car and motorcyclists transport on the city. After the students, businessmen are the major bicycle users. Nearly 30 percent of the samples use the bicycle to go to school, which including students, teachers, staff and workers of education centers. Nearly 23 samples use the bicycle to work place and 19 percent samples to shopping. Not only to Bonab citizens use bicyde but also surrounding villages that are located near the city use bicycle for journey to city. High transport costs in those villages and paved and privacy streets are the next reasons for the villagers use the bicycle. Short path is a very important factor for the development and encourage Bonab citizens to bike. Sport and health is important in the next rank. 54.7 percent of citizens have preferred to bicycle transportation, and for 43.8 percent of citizens, public transportation is preferred. More citizens in their reasons for preferring to bicycle transportation, short course, exercise and health and be time-consuming public transport have mentioned. Lack of security for cyclists, lack special routes, and the long path are among the main limitations for use bicycle. Low social status, perhaps as one of the main barriers to use bicycle in our cities, is not only low in Bonab but use the bicycle is a part of the city's culture, so that bicycles per capita for each household is 2.7 (excluding women ).One advantage of the city Bonab facilitate cycling compared to other cities in Iran is special bicycle paths. Construction of special routes that maybe the most important action in order to facilitate cycling, one of the paths (St. Imam) to the city center also reaches. More than 63 percent of citizens believe that application special bike paths in city is weak. While 31 percent also believe that special bike paths do not apply at all. Main reason for the no application special bicycle paths is occupying it’s by owners. In fact, citizens believe this path become a become a parking for the shop owners and on over time also are destroyed.In addition to construction of special paths, one of the most important measures to facilitate cycling in the city is to create bicycle parking. It is true that cyclists in this city of many problems such as lack of security, bicycle paths occupied by shop owners, not enough special routes, etc. suffered, but this city can be considered as a model for other cities of the country. Bikes can be as Means compatible with environment, need not to value fuel sources such as gasoline, useful for the health and availability for all, replacement car and other motor vehicles in cities is with the condition that should be considered more.

Today, big cities in the developing countries are growing very fast. These areas swallow all the facilities, services and the capital of the country. However, they tackle with different types of urban problems such as housing shortage, increasing the unemployment rate, the issue of marginalization, transport problem and failure in the supply of other urban services, as well as Environmental degradation. On the other side, other parts of the country, including central cities, towns and rural areas are lagging the development and are facing stagnation and stop in their progression.The overall goal of this research is to determine the effect of Bonab city, a city located in East Azerbaijan Province of Iran, in the process of the development of the surrounding settlements (area) and evaluation of its performance in the economic and demographic fields. The type of the research is applied research and the required data has been collected from the results of the last official census of Population and Housing in 2011. The research uses descriptive-analytic method which has been performed by using location coefficient models, Elasticity methods, longitudinal graphical approach of Izard, method of George Charbo and Tony Garnier.The results show that Bonab is self-sufficient in the agriculture and services sections. The actual employment rate is %93.44 and the dominant role of the city is a multi-role city. According to the Izard model, the industry and services sections have relatively favorable situation. Therefore, reaching to a superior position in the national and regional level requires the compiling and executing strategic plans and special attention of the country mega-scale decision making authorities to the unique and hidden capacities of Bonab city.

Introduction Due to its location, Bonab city, located in Azerbaijan province as one of the mid-sized cities in the country, has high potential in some fields. Among the special conditions of this city, we can mention the special positions of communication, food, tourism, economics, academic (6 universities and research institutes and research centers), agricultural, industrial, and commercial. In terms of communication, due to its location on the communication route, Sanandaj, Kermanshah, Ahvaz, Mahabad, Maraghe, Urmia, and Bukan, Saqqez, Bukan, Malekan, and other cities have a special communication role with Tabriz. Due to the special location of Bonab city, it has a lot of potential to become a medium-sized creative city. According to the proposed problem, it can be said that the main goal of this research is to find the specific capacities and potentials of Bonab city with the aim of investigating the feasibility of the creative city of mid-sized and providing practical solutions for the optimal use of the identified capacities. Bonab city is to solve the problems of this city. Therefore, it can be said that the main question of this research is: what is the status of the creative city in Bonab? Among the indicators of the creative city, which indicators play a key role? And what are the practical suggestions for realizing the creative city in Bonab city? Methodology The current research is applied research, and the approach governing the space of research is descriptive and analytical. Answering the questions is in two forms, documentary and survey. The tools used in the survey method are questionnaires and interviews. The statistical population of this research is 47, 965 people over 15 years of age living in the five districts of Bonab city, of which 382 people were selected as the sample size using Cochran's formula and simple random method. Using Cronbach's formula, the reliability of the research questionnaire was calculated as 0. 901. The inferential questionnaire for this research includes 99 closed questions with a five-choice Likert scale. The experts' questionnaire also included 99 indicators in most of the 8 main criteria. To analyze and analyze the data in order to evaluate the level of creativity and the level of enjoyment, the TOPSIS multi-criteria decision-making model was used, and for statistical data analysis, multivariate regression inferential statistics tests and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) tests were used. Results and Discussion A regression test was used to investigate the relationship between the investigated variables. The results of the multivariate regression test showed that, based on the standard beta obtained, the variables of food, tourism, and recreation had r = 0. 770, communication and IT had r = 0. 589, and industry, trade, and services had r = 0. 541, respectively. r = 0, social with r = 0. 411, culture and art with r = 0. 342, architecture and urban planning with r = 0. 370, management and institutional with r = 0. 290, ranked first to seventh, they got. According to the results obtained from the MANOVA test, the significance level in all variables is less than 0. 05,therefore, among all the variables, there is a significant relationship with the realization of the creative city in the urban areas of Bonab. Also, a significance level of less than 0. 05 indicates the existence of a significant difference among these five areas. According to the results obtained from the TOPSIS model, tourism and food, each with a score of 0. 1805, have the highest amount of weight. Finally, the final score of the TOPSIS model, areas 3 and 5 are in the state of medium creativity, and the rest of the areas are in the state of somewhat low creativity. Conclusion According to the findings of the research regarding the main criteria for the realization of a creative city (Bonab kebab brand, Bonab's communication position with industry and commerce), it is suggested that the element of Bonab kebab should be emphasized in the urban planning of Bonab. Among them are the installation of advertising billboards in the city, the creation of the Bonab kebab square, the installation of the statue of the greats of the Bonab kebab, the compilation of the historical documents of the Bonab kebab, the creation of a barbecue-cooking environment with special architecture, and the design of the kebab entertainment and welfare center. Bonab kebab: conducting qualitative research to improve the quality of Bonab kebab and promote it on a national and international scale,creating diversity in the way Bonab kebab is cooked and served,respecting the authenticity of Bonab kebab,and, finally, branding and protecting the commercial and regional identity of Bonab kebab.

The presented study is attempted to investigate the landslide susceptibility of the Bonab city located in Urmia lake basin in East-Azerbaijan, NW of Iran. As methodology the coupled method contain analytical hierarchy process and fuzzy logic, named FAHP was applied to risk-ability evaluation and prepares sliding potential maps. For this purpose, three main triggering factors identified for the susceptibility assessment which is classified as geomorphology, geology and human activities where each class has several sub-classes. According to the landslide susceptibility assessment and zonation map, the main risk zone is located in east to southeast part on the Bonab city in Malekan-Bonab highway route.

Objective: Urban parks are part of public infrastructure which has useful functions for city environment, such as improvement of air quality, exercise recreational activity, emotional stability of citizens and improvement in quality of urban life. But existing conflicts and inequality of distribution of such functions are among most important and basic challenges in the field of urban space equity. The aim of this research is to analyze the spatial division of Bonab city parks, with the approach of space equity. . Methods: The type of research is operational and considering the nature of the subject, the research method is analytical-expository. The data assessment process is a combination of documentary and survey; so that the composition of abstract frame and extraction of index, a revision on former researches and data of “ Statistical Center of Iran” was made. Also to adjust the data and index used in the research with the existing facts the survey method was used. . Results: To process the data the average index of the nearest neighbor and the web analysis of a combination of spatial GIS abilities was utilized. The results showed clustered spatial distribution of parks, which means a well-designed park allocation in central and north-eastern parts of the city and not a suitable distribution in other parts of the city. In addition, the allocation was agreeable to the population density of different parts of the city, but the distribution in suburban parts is not at all ideal. Conclusion So the space equity is not considered and regarded in city of Bonab.

Urban comprehensive plans, as the most significant instruments for systematically directing and coordinating cities, are considered the most apparent manifestations of modern urbanization in Iran. These plans have been used since the mid-1960s in response to spatial structural deficiencies seen in cities in Iran. Despite almost half-a-century history of having urban development plans and the ups and downs faced for designing and implementing them, the Evaluation process, which is a management tool for realization of objectives and accomplishments of comprehensive plans, has not acquired its necessary position in the planning system yet.Therefore, it could be said that the strengths and weaknesses of the urban development plans have not been scientifically identified and no feedback has been provided to the planning system. Therefore, the aforementioned shortcomings, resulting from the missing link of assessment in the country’s planning system, persist despite continuous efforts for designing different urban plans. Hence, in order to achieve a dynamic, constant, flexible system of planning those accords with realities, assessment of urban development plans is a necessary step which could not be ignored.This article aims to investigate deficiencies of comprehensive urban plan in achieving their objectives and to assess the Implementation of such plan. It attempts to apply modern methods to assess comprehensive plans. In this method, Goal Achievement Method (GAM) is used along with tools of geographical information systems and per capita adaptation to adapted or non- adapted with location if physical fabric objectives.Results obtained from this study indicate that expansion of cities all over the period has flown in the face of the proposed plan in different aspects, including urban boundary, directions of development, location of different uses, urban densities and the administration organization of plan has failed to match the expansion of the city with the proposed plan.